diff --git a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_allocator.c b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_allocator.c
index 5e40445d2ca..f26b83e8407 100644
--- a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_allocator.c
+++ b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_allocator.c
@@ -1375,7 +1375,7 @@ static void
 anv_bo_finish(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
 {
    /* Not releasing vma in case unbind fails */
-   if (device->kmd_backend->vm_unbind_bo(device, bo) == 0)
+   if (device->kmd_backend->vm_unbind_bo(device, bo) == VK_SUCCESS)
       anv_bo_vma_free(device, bo);
 
    anv_bo_unmap_close(device, bo);
@@ -1560,10 +1560,11 @@ anv_device_alloc_bo(struct anv_device *device,
    if (result != VK_SUCCESS)
       return result;
 
-   if (device->kmd_backend->vm_bind_bo(device, &new_bo)) {
+   result = device->kmd_backend->vm_bind_bo(device, &new_bo);
+   if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
       anv_bo_vma_free(device, &new_bo);
       anv_bo_unmap_close(device, &new_bo);
-      return vk_errorf(device, VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN, "vm bind failed");
+      return result;
    }
 
    assert(new_bo.gem_handle);
@@ -1717,11 +1718,11 @@ anv_device_import_bo_from_host_ptr(struct anv_device *device,
          return result;
       }
 
-      if (device->kmd_backend->vm_bind_bo(device, &new_bo)) {
-         VkResult res = vk_errorf(device, VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN, "vm bind failed: %m");
+      result = device->kmd_backend->vm_bind_bo(device, &new_bo);
+      if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
          anv_bo_vma_free(device, &new_bo);
          pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache->mutex);
-         return res;
+         return result;
       }
 
       *bo = new_bo;
@@ -1813,10 +1814,11 @@ anv_device_import_bo(struct anv_device *device,
          return result;
       }
 
-      if (device->kmd_backend->vm_bind_bo(device, &new_bo)) {
+      result = device->kmd_backend->vm_bind_bo(device, &new_bo);
+      if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
          anv_bo_vma_free(device, &new_bo);
          pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache->mutex);
-         return vk_errorf(device, VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN, "vm bind failed");
+         return result;
       }
 
       *bo = new_bo;
diff --git a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_gem_stubs.c b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_gem_stubs.c
index a62f06f58c9..43299c826ef 100644
--- a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_gem_stubs.c
+++ b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_gem_stubs.c
@@ -152,16 +152,16 @@ anv_gem_import_bo_alloc_flags_to_bo_flags(struct anv_device *device,
    return VK_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-static int
+static VkResult
 stub_vm_bind(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_sparse_submission *submit)
 {
-   return 0;
+   return VK_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-static int
+static VkResult
 stub_vm_bind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
 {
-   return 0;
+   return VK_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 const struct anv_kmd_backend *anv_stub_kmd_backend_get(void)
diff --git a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_kmd_backend.h b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_kmd_backend.h
index eb9a5749e9d..2c2ca8ed407 100644
--- a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_kmd_backend.h
+++ b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_kmd_backend.h
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ struct anv_kmd_backend {
     * This is intended for sparse resources, so it does not use the
     * bind_timeline interface: synchronization is up to the callers.
     */
-   int (*vm_bind)(struct anv_device *device,
-                  struct anv_sparse_submission *submit);
+   VkResult (*vm_bind)(struct anv_device *device,
+                       struct anv_sparse_submission *submit);
 
    /*
     * Fully bind or unbind a BO.
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ struct anv_kmd_backend {
     * a new point in the bind_timeline, which will be waited for the next time
     * a batch is submitted.
     */
-   int (*vm_bind_bo)(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo);
-   int (*vm_unbind_bo)(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo);
+   VkResult (*vm_bind_bo)(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo);
+   VkResult (*vm_unbind_bo)(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo);
 
    VkResult (*execute_simple_batch)(struct anv_queue *queue,
                                     struct anv_bo *batch_bo,
diff --git a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_sparse.c b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_sparse.c
index 4ef1a1bc04b..e5fdd042252 100644
--- a/src/intel/vulkan/anv_sparse.c
+++ b/src/intel/vulkan/anv_sparse.c
@@ -613,11 +613,7 @@ anv_sparse_bind_vm_bind(struct anv_device *device,
    if (!queue)
       assert(submit->wait_count == 0 && submit->signal_count == 0);
 
-   int rc = device->kmd_backend->vm_bind(device, submit);
-   if (rc)
-      return vk_error(device, VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY);
-
-   return VK_SUCCESS;
+   return device->kmd_backend->vm_bind(device, submit);
 }
 
 VkResult
diff --git a/src/intel/vulkan/i915/anv_kmd_backend.c b/src/intel/vulkan/i915/anv_kmd_backend.c
index ec59da05212..e42dbc845f5 100644
--- a/src/intel/vulkan/i915/anv_kmd_backend.c
+++ b/src/intel/vulkan/i915/anv_kmd_backend.c
@@ -226,16 +226,16 @@ i915_gem_mmap(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo, uint64_t offset,
    return i915_gem_mmap_legacy(device, bo, offset, size, flags);
 }
 
-static int
+static VkResult
 i915_vm_bind(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_sparse_submission *submit)
 {
-   return 0;
+   return VK_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-static int
+static VkResult
 i915_vm_bind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
 {
-   return 0;
+   return VK_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 static uint32_t
diff --git a/src/intel/vulkan/xe/anv_kmd_backend.c b/src/intel/vulkan/xe/anv_kmd_backend.c
index 8e3fbb84a9f..5e8af53e40a 100644
--- a/src/intel/vulkan/xe/anv_kmd_backend.c
+++ b/src/intel/vulkan/xe/anv_kmd_backend.c
@@ -122,16 +122,17 @@ capture_vm_in_error_dump(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
    return capture ? DRM_XE_VM_BIND_FLAG_DUMPABLE : 0;
 }
 
-static inline int
+static inline VkResult
 xe_vm_bind_op(struct anv_device *device,
               struct anv_sparse_submission *submit,
               bool signal_bind_timeline)
 {
+   VkResult result = VK_SUCCESS;
    int num_syncs = submit->wait_count + submit->signal_count +
                    signal_bind_timeline;
    STACK_ARRAY(struct drm_xe_sync, xe_syncs, num_syncs);
    if (!xe_syncs)
-      return -ENOMEM;
+      return vk_error(device, VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY);
 
    int sync_idx = 0;
    for (int s = 0; s < submit->wait_count; s++) {
@@ -179,14 +180,13 @@ xe_vm_bind_op(struct anv_device *device,
       .num_syncs = num_syncs,
       .syncs = (uintptr_t)xe_syncs,
    };
-   int ret;
 
    STACK_ARRAY(struct drm_xe_vm_bind_op, xe_binds_stackarray,
                submit->binds_len);
    struct drm_xe_vm_bind_op *xe_binds;
    if (submit->binds_len > 1) {
       if (!xe_binds_stackarray) {
-         ret = -ENOMEM;
+         result = vk_error(device, VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY);
          goto out_syncs;
       }
 
@@ -245,12 +245,14 @@ xe_vm_bind_op(struct anv_device *device,
       xe_syncs[num_syncs - 1].timeline_value =
          intel_bind_timeline_bind_begin(&device->bind_timeline);
    }
-   ret = intel_ioctl(device->fd, DRM_IOCTL_XE_VM_BIND, &args);
+   int ret = intel_ioctl(device->fd, DRM_IOCTL_XE_VM_BIND, &args);
    if (signal_bind_timeline)
       intel_bind_timeline_bind_end(&device->bind_timeline);
 
-   if (ret)
+   if (ret) {
+      result = vk_device_set_lost(&device->vk, "vm_bind failed: %m");
       goto out_stackarray;
+   }
 
    ANV_RMV(vm_binds, device, submit->binds, submit->binds_len);
 
@@ -259,16 +261,17 @@ out_stackarray:
 out_syncs:
    STACK_ARRAY_FINISH(xe_syncs);
 
-   return ret;
+   return result;
 }
 
-static int
+static VkResult
 xe_vm_bind(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_sparse_submission *submit)
 {
    return xe_vm_bind_op(device, submit, false);
 }
 
-static int xe_vm_bind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
+static VkResult
+xe_vm_bind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
 {
    struct anv_vm_bind bind = {
       .bo = bo,
@@ -288,7 +291,8 @@ static int xe_vm_bind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
    return xe_vm_bind_op(device, &submit, true);
 }
 
-static int xe_vm_unbind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
+static VkResult
+xe_vm_unbind_bo(struct anv_device *device, struct anv_bo *bo)
 {
    struct anv_vm_bind bind = {
       .bo = bo,