NetworkManager/src/devices/nm-device-vlan.c
Lubomir Rintel e257744f9e device: Deal with links that vanish during initialization
nm_device_get_hw_address() may return NULL and nm_platform_link_get_type may
return NM_LINK_TYPE_NONE. While it might be a good idea to check for such cases
at the init time it seems easier to just ignore it and prevent blowing up in
subsequent deactivation.

A quick test case:

  # while :; do ip link add moo0 type veth peer moo1; ip link del moo0 ; done

Yields:

  NetworkManager:ERROR:devices/nm-device-ethernet.c:268:constructor:
    assertion failed: (link_type == NM_LINK_TYPE_ETHERNET ||
    link_type == NM_LINK_TYPE_VETH)

  nm_device_set_hw_addr: assertion 'addr != NULL' failed

https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=740992
2014-12-02 11:44:49 +01:00

700 lines
21 KiB
C

/* -*- Mode: C; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: t; c-basic-offset: 4 -*- */
/* NetworkManager -- Network link manager
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Copyright 2011 - 2012 Red Hat, Inc.
*/
#include "config.h"
#include <glib.h>
#include <glib/gi18n.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include "nm-device-vlan.h"
#include "nm-manager.h"
#include "nm-logging.h"
#include "nm-utils.h"
#include "NetworkManagerUtils.h"
#include "nm-device-private.h"
#include "nm-enum-types.h"
#include "nm-dbus-manager.h"
#include "nm-connection-provider.h"
#include "nm-activation-request.h"
#include "nm-ip4-config.h"
#include "nm-platform.h"
#include "nm-device-factory.h"
#include "nm-manager.h"
#include "nm-core-internal.h"
#include "nm-device-vlan-glue.h"
#include "nm-device-logging.h"
_LOG_DECLARE_SELF(NMDeviceVlan);
G_DEFINE_TYPE (NMDeviceVlan, nm_device_vlan, NM_TYPE_DEVICE)
#define NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE(o) (G_TYPE_INSTANCE_GET_PRIVATE ((o), NM_TYPE_DEVICE_VLAN, NMDeviceVlanPrivate))
typedef struct {
char *initial_hw_addr;
gboolean disposed;
gboolean invalid;
NMDevice *parent;
guint parent_state_id;
int vlan_id;
} NMDeviceVlanPrivate;
enum {
PROP_0,
PROP_PARENT,
PROP_VLAN_ID,
PROP_INT_PARENT_DEVICE,
LAST_PROP
};
/******************************************************************/
static void
update_initial_hw_address (NMDevice *dev)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (dev);
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (self);
priv->initial_hw_addr = g_strdup (nm_device_get_hw_address (dev));
_LOGD (LOGD_DEVICE | LOGD_VLAN, "read initial MAC address %s", priv->initial_hw_addr);
}
static guint32
get_generic_capabilities (NMDevice *dev)
{
/* We assume VLAN interfaces always support carrier detect */
return NM_DEVICE_CAP_CARRIER_DETECT;
}
static gboolean
bring_up (NMDevice *dev, gboolean *no_firmware)
{
gboolean success = FALSE;
guint i = 20;
while (i-- > 0 && !success) {
success = NM_DEVICE_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->bring_up (dev, no_firmware);
g_usleep (50);
}
return success;
}
/******************************************************************/
static gboolean
match_parent (NMDeviceVlan *self, const char *parent)
{
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (self);
g_return_val_if_fail (parent != NULL, FALSE);
if (nm_utils_is_uuid (parent)) {
NMActRequest *parent_req;
NMConnection *parent_connection;
/* If the parent is a UUID, the connection matches if our parent
* device has that connection activated.
*/
parent_req = nm_device_get_act_request (priv->parent);
if (!parent_req)
return FALSE;
parent_connection = nm_active_connection_get_connection (NM_ACTIVE_CONNECTION (parent_req));
if (!parent_connection)
return FALSE;
if (g_strcmp0 (parent, nm_connection_get_uuid (parent_connection)) != 0)
return FALSE;
} else {
/* interface name */
if (g_strcmp0 (parent, nm_device_get_ip_iface (priv->parent)) != 0)
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean
match_hwaddr (NMDevice *device, NMConnection *connection, gboolean fail_if_no_hwaddr)
{
NMSettingWired *s_wired;
const char *setting_mac;
const char *device_mac;
s_wired = nm_connection_get_setting_wired (connection);
if (!s_wired)
return !fail_if_no_hwaddr;
setting_mac = nm_setting_wired_get_mac_address (s_wired);
if (!setting_mac)
return !fail_if_no_hwaddr;
device_mac = nm_device_get_hw_address (device);
return nm_utils_hwaddr_matches (setting_mac, -1, device_mac, -1);
}
static gboolean
check_connection_compatible (NMDevice *device, NMConnection *connection)
{
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (device);
NMSettingVlan *s_vlan;
const char *parent, *iface = NULL;
if (!NM_DEVICE_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->check_connection_compatible (device, connection))
return FALSE;
s_vlan = nm_connection_get_setting_vlan (connection);
if (!s_vlan)
return FALSE;
if (nm_setting_vlan_get_id (s_vlan) != priv->vlan_id)
return FALSE;
/* Check parent interface; could be an interface name or a UUID */
parent = nm_setting_vlan_get_parent (s_vlan);
if (parent) {
if (!match_parent (NM_DEVICE_VLAN (device), parent))
return FALSE;
} else {
/* Parent could be a MAC address in an NMSettingWired */
if (!match_hwaddr (device, connection, TRUE))
return FALSE;
}
/* Ensure the interface name matches. If not specified we assume a match
* since both the parent interface and the VLAN ID matched by the time we
* get here.
*/
iface = nm_connection_get_interface_name (connection);
if (iface) {
if (g_strcmp0 (nm_device_get_ip_iface (device), iface) != 0)
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean
complete_connection (NMDevice *device,
NMConnection *connection,
const char *specific_object,
const GSList *existing_connections,
GError **error)
{
NMSettingVlan *s_vlan;
nm_utils_complete_generic (connection,
NM_SETTING_VLAN_SETTING_NAME,
existing_connections,
NULL,
_("VLAN connection"),
NULL,
TRUE);
s_vlan = nm_connection_get_setting_vlan (connection);
if (!s_vlan) {
g_set_error_literal (error, NM_DEVICE_ERROR, NM_DEVICE_ERROR_INVALID_CONNECTION,
"A 'vlan' setting is required.");
return FALSE;
}
/* If there's no VLAN interface, no parent, and no hardware address in the
* settings, then there's not enough information to complete the setting.
*/
if ( !nm_setting_vlan_get_parent (s_vlan)
&& !match_hwaddr (device, connection, TRUE)) {
g_set_error_literal (error, NM_DEVICE_ERROR, NM_DEVICE_ERROR_INVALID_CONNECTION,
"The 'vlan' setting had no interface name, parent, or hardware address.");
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
static void parent_state_changed (NMDevice *parent, NMDeviceState new_state,
NMDeviceState old_state,
NMDeviceStateReason reason,
gpointer user_data);
static void
nm_device_vlan_set_parent (NMDeviceVlan *device, NMDevice *parent)
{
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (device);
if (priv->parent_state_id) {
g_signal_handler_disconnect (priv->parent, priv->parent_state_id);
priv->parent_state_id = 0;
}
g_clear_object (&priv->parent);
if (parent) {
priv->parent = g_object_ref (parent);
priv->parent_state_id = g_signal_connect (priv->parent,
"state-changed",
G_CALLBACK (parent_state_changed),
device);
}
g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (device), NM_DEVICE_VLAN_PARENT);
}
static void
update_connection (NMDevice *device, NMConnection *connection)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (device);
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (device);
NMSettingVlan *s_vlan = nm_connection_get_setting_vlan (connection);
int ifindex = nm_device_get_ifindex (device);
int parent_ifindex = -1, vlan_id = -1;
NMDevice *parent;
const char *setting_parent, *new_parent;
if (!s_vlan) {
s_vlan = (NMSettingVlan *) nm_setting_vlan_new ();
nm_connection_add_setting (connection, (NMSetting *) s_vlan);
}
if (!nm_platform_vlan_get_info (ifindex, &parent_ifindex, &vlan_id)) {
_LOGW (LOGD_VLAN, "failed to get VLAN interface info while updating connection.");
return;
}
if (priv->vlan_id != vlan_id) {
priv->vlan_id = vlan_id;
g_object_notify (G_OBJECT (device), NM_DEVICE_VLAN_ID);
}
if (vlan_id != nm_setting_vlan_get_id (s_vlan))
g_object_set (s_vlan, NM_SETTING_VLAN_ID, priv->vlan_id, NULL);
parent = nm_manager_get_device_by_ifindex (nm_manager_get (), parent_ifindex);
g_assert (parent);
if (priv->parent != parent)
nm_device_vlan_set_parent (NM_DEVICE_VLAN (device), parent);
/* Update parent in the connection; default to parent's interface name */
new_parent = nm_device_get_iface (parent);
setting_parent = nm_setting_vlan_get_parent (s_vlan);
if (setting_parent && nm_utils_is_uuid (setting_parent)) {
NMConnection *parent_connection;
/* Don't change a parent specified by UUID if it's still valid */
parent_connection = nm_connection_provider_get_connection_by_uuid (nm_connection_provider_get (), setting_parent);
if (parent_connection && nm_device_check_connection_compatible (parent, parent_connection))
new_parent = NULL;
}
if (new_parent)
g_object_set (s_vlan, NM_SETTING_VLAN_PARENT, new_parent, NULL);
}
static NMActStageReturn
act_stage1_prepare (NMDevice *dev, NMDeviceStateReason *reason)
{
NMActRequest *req;
NMConnection *connection;
NMSettingVlan *s_vlan;
NMSettingWired *s_wired;
const char *cloned_mac;
NMActStageReturn ret;
g_return_val_if_fail (reason != NULL, NM_ACT_STAGE_RETURN_FAILURE);
ret = NM_DEVICE_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->act_stage1_prepare (dev, reason);
if (ret != NM_ACT_STAGE_RETURN_SUCCESS)
return ret;
req = nm_device_get_act_request (dev);
g_return_val_if_fail (req != NULL, NM_ACT_STAGE_RETURN_FAILURE);
connection = nm_act_request_get_connection (req);
g_return_val_if_fail (connection != NULL, NM_ACT_STAGE_RETURN_FAILURE);
s_wired = nm_connection_get_setting_wired (connection);
if (s_wired) {
/* Set device MAC address if the connection wants to change it */
cloned_mac = nm_setting_wired_get_cloned_mac_address (s_wired);
if (cloned_mac)
nm_device_set_hw_addr (dev, cloned_mac, "set", LOGD_VLAN);
}
s_vlan = nm_connection_get_setting_vlan (connection);
if (s_vlan) {
int ifindex = nm_device_get_ifindex (dev);
int num, i;
guint32 from, to;
num = nm_setting_vlan_get_num_priorities (s_vlan, NM_VLAN_INGRESS_MAP);
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if (nm_setting_vlan_get_priority (s_vlan, NM_VLAN_INGRESS_MAP, i, &from, &to))
nm_platform_vlan_set_ingress_map (ifindex, from, to);
}
num = nm_setting_vlan_get_num_priorities (s_vlan, NM_VLAN_EGRESS_MAP);
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if (nm_setting_vlan_get_priority (s_vlan, NM_VLAN_EGRESS_MAP, i, &from, &to))
nm_platform_vlan_set_egress_map (ifindex, from, to);
}
}
return ret;
}
static void
ip4_config_pre_commit (NMDevice *device, NMIP4Config *config)
{
NMConnection *connection;
NMSettingWired *s_wired;
guint32 mtu;
connection = nm_device_get_connection (device);
g_assert (connection);
s_wired = nm_connection_get_setting_wired (connection);
if (s_wired) {
mtu = nm_setting_wired_get_mtu (s_wired);
if (mtu)
nm_ip4_config_set_mtu (config, mtu, NM_IP_CONFIG_SOURCE_USER);
}
}
static void
deactivate (NMDevice *device)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (device);
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (self);
/* Reset MAC address back to initial address */
if (priv->initial_hw_addr)
nm_device_set_hw_addr (device, priv->initial_hw_addr, "reset", LOGD_VLAN);
}
/******************************************************************/
static void
parent_state_changed (NMDevice *parent,
NMDeviceState new_state,
NMDeviceState old_state,
NMDeviceStateReason reason,
gpointer user_data)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (user_data);
/* We'll react to our own carrier state notifications. Ignore the parent's. */
if (reason == NM_DEVICE_STATE_REASON_CARRIER)
return;
nm_device_set_unmanaged (NM_DEVICE (self), NM_UNMANAGED_PARENT, !nm_device_get_managed (parent), reason);
}
/******************************************************************/
static void
nm_device_vlan_init (NMDeviceVlan * self)
{
}
static void
constructed (GObject *object)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (object);
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (self);
int ifindex = nm_device_get_ifindex (NM_DEVICE (self));
int parent_ifindex = -1, itype;
int vlan_id;
if (G_OBJECT_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->constructed)
G_OBJECT_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->constructed (object);
if (!priv->parent) {
_LOGE (LOGD_VLAN, "no parent specified.");
priv->invalid = TRUE;
return;
}
itype = nm_platform_link_get_type (ifindex);
if (itype != NM_LINK_TYPE_VLAN) {
_LOGE (LOGD_VLAN, "failed to get VLAN interface type.");
priv->invalid = TRUE;
return;
}
if (!nm_platform_vlan_get_info (ifindex, &parent_ifindex, &vlan_id)) {
_LOGW (LOGD_VLAN, "failed to get VLAN interface info.");
priv->invalid = TRUE;
return;
}
if ( parent_ifindex < 0
|| parent_ifindex != nm_device_get_ip_ifindex (priv->parent)
|| vlan_id < 0) {
_LOGW (LOGD_VLAN, "VLAN parent ifindex (%d) or VLAN ID (%d) invalid.",
parent_ifindex, priv->vlan_id);
priv->invalid = TRUE;
return;
}
priv->vlan_id = vlan_id;
_LOGI (LOGD_HW | LOGD_VLAN, "VLAN ID %d with parent %s",
priv->vlan_id, nm_device_get_iface (priv->parent));
}
static void
get_property (GObject *object, guint prop_id,
GValue *value, GParamSpec *pspec)
{
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (object);
switch (prop_id) {
case PROP_PARENT:
g_value_set_boxed (value, priv->parent ? nm_device_get_path (priv->parent) : "/");
break;
case PROP_INT_PARENT_DEVICE:
g_value_set_object (value, priv->parent);
break;
case PROP_VLAN_ID:
g_value_set_uint (value, priv->vlan_id);
break;
default:
G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, prop_id, pspec);
break;
}
}
static void
set_property (GObject *object, guint prop_id,
const GValue *value, GParamSpec *pspec)
{
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (object);
switch (prop_id) {
case PROP_INT_PARENT_DEVICE:
nm_device_vlan_set_parent (NM_DEVICE_VLAN (object), g_value_get_object (value));
break;
case PROP_VLAN_ID:
priv->vlan_id = g_value_get_uint (value);
break;
default:
G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, prop_id, pspec);
break;
}
}
static void
dispose (GObject *object)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (object);
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (self);
if (priv->disposed) {
G_OBJECT_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->dispose (object);
return;
}
priv->disposed = TRUE;
nm_device_vlan_set_parent (self, NULL);
G_OBJECT_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->dispose (object);
}
static void
finalize (GObject *object)
{
NMDeviceVlan *self = NM_DEVICE_VLAN (object);
NMDeviceVlanPrivate *priv = NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (self);
g_free (priv->initial_hw_addr);
G_OBJECT_CLASS (nm_device_vlan_parent_class)->finalize (object);
}
static void
nm_device_vlan_class_init (NMDeviceVlanClass *klass)
{
GObjectClass *object_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS (klass);
NMDeviceClass *parent_class = NM_DEVICE_CLASS (klass);
parent_class->connection_type = NM_SETTING_VLAN_SETTING_NAME;
g_type_class_add_private (object_class, sizeof (NMDeviceVlanPrivate));
/* virtual methods */
object_class->constructed = constructed;
object_class->get_property = get_property;
object_class->set_property = set_property;
object_class->dispose = dispose;
object_class->finalize = finalize;
parent_class->update_initial_hw_address = update_initial_hw_address;
parent_class->get_generic_capabilities = get_generic_capabilities;
parent_class->bring_up = bring_up;
parent_class->act_stage1_prepare = act_stage1_prepare;
parent_class->ip4_config_pre_commit = ip4_config_pre_commit;
parent_class->deactivate = deactivate;
parent_class->check_connection_compatible = check_connection_compatible;
parent_class->complete_connection = complete_connection;
parent_class->update_connection = update_connection;
/* properties */
g_object_class_install_property
(object_class, PROP_PARENT,
g_param_spec_boxed (NM_DEVICE_VLAN_PARENT, "", "",
DBUS_TYPE_G_OBJECT_PATH,
G_PARAM_READABLE |
G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
g_object_class_install_property
(object_class, PROP_VLAN_ID,
g_param_spec_uint (NM_DEVICE_VLAN_ID, "", "",
0, 4095, 0,
G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_CONSTRUCT_ONLY |
G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
/* Internal properties */
g_object_class_install_property
(object_class, PROP_INT_PARENT_DEVICE,
g_param_spec_object (NM_DEVICE_VLAN_INT_PARENT_DEVICE, "", "",
NM_TYPE_DEVICE,
G_PARAM_READWRITE | G_PARAM_CONSTRUCT_ONLY |
G_PARAM_STATIC_STRINGS));
nm_dbus_manager_register_exported_type (nm_dbus_manager_get (),
G_TYPE_FROM_CLASS (klass),
&dbus_glib_nm_device_vlan_object_info);
}
/*************************************************************/
#define NM_TYPE_VLAN_FACTORY (nm_vlan_factory_get_type ())
#define NM_VLAN_FACTORY(obj) (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST ((obj), NM_TYPE_VLAN_FACTORY, NMVlanFactory))
static NMDevice *
new_link (NMDeviceFactory *factory, NMPlatformLink *plink, GError **error)
{
int parent_ifindex = -1;
NMDevice *parent, *device;
if (plink->type != NM_LINK_TYPE_VLAN)
return NULL;
/* Have to find the parent device */
if (!nm_platform_vlan_get_info (plink->ifindex, &parent_ifindex, NULL)) {
nm_log_err (LOGD_HW, "(%s): failed to get VLAN parent ifindex", plink->name);
return NULL;
}
parent = nm_manager_get_device_by_ifindex (nm_manager_get (), parent_ifindex);
if (!parent) {
/* If udev signaled the VLAN interface before it signaled
* the VLAN's parent at startup we may not know about the
* parent device yet. But we'll find it on the second pass
* from nm_manager_start().
*/
nm_log_dbg (LOGD_HW, "(%s): VLAN parent interface unknown", plink->name);
return NULL;
}
device = (NMDevice *) g_object_new (NM_TYPE_DEVICE_VLAN,
NM_DEVICE_PLATFORM_DEVICE, plink,
NM_DEVICE_VLAN_INT_PARENT_DEVICE, parent,
NM_DEVICE_DRIVER, "8021q",
NM_DEVICE_TYPE_DESC, "VLAN",
NM_DEVICE_DEVICE_TYPE, NM_DEVICE_TYPE_VLAN,
NULL);
if (NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (device)->invalid) {
g_object_unref (device);
device = NULL;
}
/* Set initial parent-dependent unmanaged flag */
if (device)
nm_device_set_initial_unmanaged_flag (device, NM_UNMANAGED_PARENT, !nm_device_get_managed (parent));
return device;
}
static NMDevice *
create_virtual_device_for_connection (NMDeviceFactory *factory,
NMConnection *connection,
NMDevice *parent,
GError **error)
{
NMDevice *device;
NMSettingVlan *s_vlan;
char *iface;
if (!nm_connection_is_type (connection, NM_SETTING_VLAN_SETTING_NAME))
return NULL;
g_return_val_if_fail (NM_IS_DEVICE (parent), NULL);
s_vlan = nm_connection_get_setting_vlan (connection);
g_return_val_if_fail (s_vlan != NULL, NULL);
iface = g_strdup (nm_connection_get_interface_name (connection));
if (!iface) {
iface = nm_utils_new_vlan_name (nm_device_get_ip_iface (parent),
nm_setting_vlan_get_id (s_vlan));
}
if ( !nm_platform_vlan_add (iface,
nm_device_get_ifindex (parent),
nm_setting_vlan_get_id (s_vlan),
nm_setting_vlan_get_flags (s_vlan))
&& nm_platform_get_error () != NM_PLATFORM_ERROR_EXISTS) {
nm_log_warn (LOGD_DEVICE | LOGD_VLAN, "(%s) failed to add VLAN interface for '%s'",
iface, nm_connection_get_id (connection));
g_free (iface);
return NULL;
}
device = (NMDevice *) g_object_new (NM_TYPE_DEVICE_VLAN,
NM_DEVICE_IFACE, iface,
NM_DEVICE_VLAN_INT_PARENT_DEVICE, parent,
NM_DEVICE_DRIVER, "8021q",
NM_DEVICE_TYPE_DESC, "VLAN",
NM_DEVICE_DEVICE_TYPE, NM_DEVICE_TYPE_VLAN,
NULL);
g_free (iface);
if (NM_DEVICE_VLAN_GET_PRIVATE (device)->invalid) {
g_object_unref (device);
device = NULL;
}
/* Set initial parent-dependent unmanaged flag */
if (device)
nm_device_set_initial_unmanaged_flag (device, NM_UNMANAGED_PARENT, !nm_device_get_managed (parent));
return device;
}
DEFINE_DEVICE_FACTORY_INTERNAL(VLAN, Vlan, vlan, \
factory_iface->new_link = new_link; \
factory_iface->create_virtual_device_for_connection = create_virtual_device_for_connection;
)